Rich and poor

CONTEMPORARY QUESTIONS ABOUT DOCUMENTARY PHOTOGRAPHY

In 1958, the Stedelijk Museum was one of the first museums of modern art in the world to take photography seriously as a fully-fledged art medium and now has a collection of photographs of international importance. Documentary photography plays an important role in this.
Documentary photography by its very nature raises questions and discussions. It already starts with the word "documentary", a complex and loaded term, which is linked to greats from the history of photography, but is also used in a negative sense when photos are insufficiently visual or personal. Moreover, nowadays the question is increasingly being asked: What is the position of the (documentary) photographer in relation to his subject, with what right and with what intention is 'the other' captured? What is the balance of power - who has the right to portray whom?

 

Quiet Amsterdam

Film is used for a range of goals, including education and propaganda. When the purpose is primarily educational, a film is called an "educational film". Examples are recordings of academic lectures and experiments, or a film based on a classic novel. Film may be propaganda, in whole or in part, such as the films made by Leni Riefenstahl in Nazi Germany, US war film trailers during World War II, or artistic films made under Stalin by Sergei Eisenstein. They may also be works of political protest, as in the films of Andrzej Wajda, or more subtly, the films of Andrei Tarkovsky. The same film may be considered educational by some, and propaganda by others as the categorization of a film can be subjective.

Along the IJ river northside

 

VIDEO is HOT and many companies and organizations and self-employed people want videos on their WEBSITE, Intranet, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.

Since the advent of smartphones with a good camera, you don't have to hire a camera crew to make a video. Organizations, companies and institutions can do this very well themselves. This is not only cheaper, it also often works better because organizations often know exactly what they want. The videos are therefore more authentic because the company or institution knows exactly what it wants to offer its target group.

Making videos with your smartphone is quick and easy to learn. The big advantage is that you (almost) always have the mobile with you and can therefore create content at any time.

 

 

What a genderfull world !

In British English the word "exhibition" is used for a collection of items placed on display and the event as a whole, which in American English is usually an "exhibit". In both varieties of English each object being shown within an exhibition is an "exhibit". In common usage, "exhibitions" are considered temporary and usually scheduled to open and close on specific dates.

New land

Stage combat, fight craft or fight choreography is a specialised technique in theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat without causing harm to the performers. It is employed in live stage plays as well as operatic and ballet productions. With the advent of cinema and television the term has widened to also include the choreography of filmed fighting sequences, as opposed to the earlier live performances on stage. It is closely related to the practice of stunts and is a common field of study for actors. Actors famous for their stage fighting skills frequently have backgrounds in dance, gymnastics or martial arts training. 

Walking in Amsterdam

Dissolving views were a popular type of 19th century magic lantern show exhibiting the gradual transition from one projected image to another. The effect is similar to a dissolve in modern filmmaking. Typical examples had landscapes that dissolved from day to night or from summer to winter. The effect was achieved by aligning the projection of two matching images and slowly diminishing the first image while introducing the second image.
While most dissolving views showed landscapes or architecture in different light, the effect was also used in other ways. An popular example has a soldier sleeping or daydreaming on the battlefield, with dissolving views displaying several of his dreams about home above his head.

Flat Holland

Three different digital soundtrack systems for 35 mm cinema release prints were introduced during the 1990s. They are: Dolby Digital, which is stored between the perforations on the sound side; SDDS, stored in two redundant strips along the outside edges (beyond the perforations); and DTS, in which sound data is stored on separate compact discs synchronized by a timecode track on the film just to the right of the analog soundtrack and left of the frame[2] (Sound-on-disc). Because these soundtrack systems appear on different parts of the print, one movie can contain all of them, allowing broad distribution without regard for the sound system installed at individual theatres. 

 

Bali behind the scenes

The National Museum of World Cultures (NMVW) groups together Amsterdam’s Tropenmuseum, the Afrika Museum in Berg en Dal and the Museum Volkenkunde in Leiden. Since 2017 NMVW has been working closely together with Rotterdam’s Wereldmuseum. That’s why our collection site also features the collections of these other three museums alongside that of the Tropenmuseum. Taken together these collections comprise nearly 450,000 objects, 260,000 photographs and some 350,000 items of documentary film and video material.

Golden Oldies

Most early forms of motion pictures or film were black and white. Some color film processes, including hand coloring were experimented with, and in limited use, from the earliest days of motion pictures. The switch from most films being in black-and-white to most being in color was gradual, taking place from the 1930s to the 1960s. Even when most film studios had the capability to make color films, the technology's popularity was limited, as using the Technicolor process was expensive and cumbersome. For many years, it was not possible for films in color to render realistic hues, thus its use was restricted to historical films, musicals, and cartoons until the 1950s, while many directors preferred to use black-and-white stock.

Enkhuizen: Meeting again

A movie remake uses an earlier movie as its main source material, rather than returning to the earlier movie's source material.
With the exception of shot-for-shot remakes, most remakes make significant changes in character, plot, genre, and theme. Sometimes a remake is made by the same director. Not all remakes use the same title as the previously released version. Remakes are rarely sequels to the original film. In this situation, essentially the remake repeats the same basic story of the original film and may even use the same title, but also contains notable plot and storyline elements indicating the two films are set in "the same universe". The Italian film Perfect Strangers was included in the Guinness World Records as it became the most remade film in cinema history, with a total of 18 versions of the film.

Tropics Museum

Digital methods have also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is a matter of concern to both film historians and archivists and to companies interested in preserving their existing products in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black-and-white films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, assuming proper handling and storage. 

Polk'art in museum garden

With the development of analog sound recording, though, a performance could be permanently fixed, in all of its elements: pitch, rhythm, timbre, ornaments and expression. This meant that many more elements of a performance would be captured and disseminated to other listeners. The development of sound recording also enabled a much larger proportion of people to hear famous orchestras, operas, singers and bands, because even if a non-wealthy person could not afford to hear the live concert, she or he might be able to afford to buy the recording. The availability of sound recording thus helped to spread musical styles to new regions, countries and continents.

Schellingwoude (Amsterdam county)

Lighting
The intensity, direction, and quality of lighting can influence an audience's understanding of characters, actions, themes and mood. Light (and shade) can emphasize texture, shape, distance, mood, time of day or night, season, glamour; it affects the way colors are rendered, both in terms of hue and depth, and can focus attention on particular elements of the composition. Highlights, for example, call attention to shapes and textures, while shadows often conceal things, creating a sense of mystery or fear. For this reason, lighting must be thoroughly planned in advance to ensure its desired effect on an audience. Cinematographers are a large part of this process, as they coordinate the camera and the lighting.

From canal to river

A film treatment (or simply treatment) is a piece of prose, typically the step between scene cards (index cards) and the first draft of a screenplay for a motion picture, television program, or radio play. It is generally longer and more detailed than an outline (or one-page synopsis), and it may include details of directorial style that an outline omits. Treatments read like a short story, but are told in the present tense and describe events as they happen.

Along the Zaan river

In filmmaking, the 180-degree rule is a basic guideline regarding the on-screen spatial relationship between a character and another character or object within a scene. By keeping the camera on one side of an imaginary axis between two characters, the first character is always frame right of the second character. Moving the camera over the axis is called jumping the line or crossing the line; breaking the 180-degree rule by shooting on all sides is known as shooting in the round.

The 180-degree rule enables the audience to visually connect with unseen movement happening around and behind the immediate subject and is particularly important in the narration of battle scenes. 

The dyke (Volendam)

Cosplay a portmanteau of the words costume play, is a performance art in which participants called cosplayers wear costumes and fashion accessories to represent a specific character. Cosplayers often interact to create a subculture, and a broader use of the term "cosplay" applies to any costumed role-playing in venues apart from the stage. Any entity that lends itself to dramatic interpretation may be taken up as a subject and it is not unusual to see genders switched. Favorite sources include anime, cartoons, comic books, manga, television series, and video games.

East Island

Although the origins of the music video date back to musical short films that first appeared in the 1920s, they again came into prominence in the 1980s when the channel MTV (originally "Music Television") based their format around the medium. Prior to the 1980s, these kinds of videos were described by various terms including "illustrated song", "filmed insert", "promotional (promo) film", "promotional clip", "promotional video", "song video", "song clip" or "film clip".

PAIK: Electronic art

Nam June Paik
The Future is Now

Largest overview in years of Nam June Paik: artist, visionary and pioneer. Paik saw early on what the impact of mass media would be. He introduced the term "electronic highway", for example, predicting the future of communication in the current internet era as early as the 1970s. His work is multidisciplinary, experimental, innovative and playful and has a great influence on the generations after him.

The End: Hem Zaanstad

On the mysterious site, behind high fences and strict security, the Artillerie Inwoningen started producing firearms, artillery and ammunition for the Dutch army from 1895. The site was carefully chosen behind the defense line of the Amsterdam position, from the heart of the position the factory was able to supply the army with weapons and ammunition.

Over the years there has been a lot of construction and demolition on the site. Due to the function of the factory and the risk of explosion, the site has characteristic buildings such as those with semicircular roofs that had to conduct a possible shock. The position of the buildings and the layout of the outdoor space, such as the earthen walls and the poppy forest, were also aimed at limiting the damage in the event of an explosion. The result is a factory site that is unique in the Netherlands.

Twiske playground

Match cuts form the basis for continuity editing, such as the ubiquitous use of match on action. Continuity editing smooths over the inherent discontinuity of shot changes to establish a logical coherence between shots. Even within continuity editing, though, the match cut is a contrast both with cross-cutting between actions in two different locations that are occurring simultaneously, and with parallel editing, which draws parallels or contrasts between two different time-space locations.

Roof (amsterdam)

;Match cuts form the basis for continuity editing, such as the ubiquitous use of match on action. Continuity editing smooths over the inherent discontinuity of shot changes to establish a logical coherence between shots. Even within continuity editing, though, the match cut is a contrast both with cross-cutting between actions in two different locations that are occurring simultaneously, and with parallel editing, which draws parallels or contrasts between two different time-space locations.

Dutch polder village

A graphic match (as opposed to a graphic contrast or collision) occurs when the shapes, colors and/or overall movement of two shots match in composition, either within a scene or, especially, across a transition between two scenes. Indeed, rather than the seamless cuts of continuity editing within a scene, the term "graphic match" usually denotes a more conspicuous transition between (or comparison of) two shots via pictorial elements. A match cut often involves a graphic match, a smooth transition between scenes and an element of metaphorical (or at least meaningful) comparison between elements in both shots.
A match cut contrasts with the conspicuous and abrupt discontinuity of a jump cut. 

 

NEMO science museum

The 30-degree rule is a basic film editing guideline that states the camera should move at least 30 degrees relative to the subject between successive shots of the same subject. If the camera moves less than 30 degrees, the transition between shots can look like a jump cut—which could jar the audience and take them out of the story. The audience might focus on the film technique rather than the narrative itself.

La Devesa Girona

Light is necessary to create an image exposure on a frame of film or on a digital target (CCD, etc.). The art of lighting for cinematography goes far beyond basic exposure, however, into the essence of visual storytelling. Lighting contributes considerably to the emotional response an audience has watching a motion picture. The increased usage of filters can greatly impact the final image and affect the lighting.

Backgarden of Amsterdam

Dubbing, mixing or re-recording, is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are lip-synced and "mixed" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.
The process usually takes place on a dub stage. After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.

Outside the film industry, the term "dubbing" commonly refers to the replacement of the actor's voices with those of different performers speaking another language, which is called "revoicing" in the film industry.

Austria National Park

Continuity editing can be divided into two categories: temporal continuity and spatial continuity. Within each category, specific techniques will work against a sense of continuity. In other words, techniques can cause a passage to be continuous, giving the viewer a concrete physical narration to follow, or discontinuous, cau

Experiments

Synthetic media technology currently enables these forms of manipulation: • Add and remove objects within a video more easily • Alter background conditions in a video. For example, changing the weather to make a video shot in summer appear as if it was shot in winter • Fake face or body movements: Simulate and control a realistic video representation of the lips, facial expressions or body movement of a specific individual (for example to make it appear they were drunk). • Fake lip-sync: Match an audio track to a realistic manipulation of someone’s lips to make it look like they said something they never did • Fake voice: Generate a realistic simulation of a specific person’s voice • Change a voice’s gender or make it sound like someone else: Modify an existing voice with a “voice skin” of a different gender, or of a specific person • Create a realistic but totally fake photo of a person who does not exist. The same technique can also be applied less problematically to create fake hamburgers, cats, etc. • Transfer a realistic face from one person to another, the most commonly known form of “deepfake” 

Lunapark

 

 

The earliest films had been shown in "peep show" machines or projected in vaudeville theaters as one of the otherwise live acts. Nickelodeons drastically altered film exhibition practices and the leisure-time habits of a large segment of the American public. Although they were characterized by continuous performances of a selection of short films, added attractions such as illustrated songs were sometimes an important feature. Regarded as disreputable and dangerous by some civic groups and municipal agencies, crude, ill-ventilated nickelodeons with hard wooden seats were outmoded as longer films became common and larger, more comfortably furnished motion-picture theaters were built, a trend that culminated in the lavish "movie palaces" of the 1920s. Film historian Charles Musser wrote: "It is not too much to say that modern cinema began with the nickelodeons.

Monnickendam Harbour

Traditionally, movie theaters have had agreements with studios to allow the theaters to screen films for specific periods of time before studios put them on the small screen. If you want to see a movie without waiting for one or two months, you have to go see it in a theater. But the coronavirus crisis has created a situation where that is no longer possible. Instead, studios are experimenting with offering their films directly to consumers at home at premium prices—which, if allowed to continue post-covid-19, would devastate the theater industry.

Zaandam centre

Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and usually in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case. Cross-cutting can also be used for characters in a film with the same goals but different ways of achieving them.

Animated Cartoons

Commonly the effect of animation is achieved by a rapid succession of sequential images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon and beta movement, but the exact causes are still uncertain. Analog mechanical animation media that rely on the rapid display of sequential images include the phénakisticope, zoetrope, flip book, praxinoscope and film. Television and video are popular electronic animation media that originally were analog and now operate digitally. For display on the computer, techniques like animated GIF and Flash animation were developed.

Animation is more pervasive than many people realize. Apart from short films, feature films, television series, animated GIFs and other media dedicated to the display of moving images, animation is also prevalent in video games, motion graphics, user interfaces and visual effects. 

High Holland

Experimental filmmakers generally begin as amateurs, and some used experimental films as a springboard into commercial film making or transitioned into academic positions. The aim of experimental filmmaking is usually to render the personal vision of an artist, or to promote interest in new technology rather than to entertain or to generate revenue, as is the case with commercial films.

 

 

Places/spaces Dutch painters

In cinema, a making-of, also known as behind-the-scenes, the set or on the set is a documentary film that features the production of a film or television program. This is often referred to as the EPK (electronic press kit) video, due to its main usage as a promotional tool, either concurrent with theatrical release or as a bonus feature for the film's DVD or Blu-ray release.
Feature length documentaries on the making of other films has become a film genre in its own right. The making-of film may ultimately be more important than the film itself. Shorter making-of documentaries are often used as a bonus on DVDs, as it offers more insight into the film, how it was made.

Photos that tell a story

“A picture is worth a thousand words.” That is the motto of a photojournalist. It is their objective to produce direct, truthful and bold images that tell the stories for those who have no voice.

According to Mark M. Hancock, a professional photojournalist, “is a visual reporter of facts. The public places trust in its reporters, to tell the truth. The same trust is extended to photojournalists as visual reporters.This responsibility is paramount to a photojournalist. At all times, we have many thousands of people seeing through our eyes and expecting to see the truth. Most people immediately understand an image.”

In the park: Dutch Fairytale

Welcome to the Ourmedia, an initiative devoted to creating and sharing works of personal media.
Video blogs, photo albums, original music, documentary journalism, music videos, children's tales, Flash animations, student films -- all kinds of digital works have begun to flourish as the Web matures into a rich multimedia network.
The Ourmedia project was started by members of the creative and technology communities in the summer of 2004 as a way of advancing the spread of personal media. Our partners are the Internet Archive, Creative Commons, Broadband Mechanics, and Bryght. We're a free, nonprofit, open-source effort.
Ourmedia's vision is to bring personal media to millions of users' desktops through playlists, video jukeboxes, visual albums, and built-in media libraries. The repositories will contain thousands of media items that can be freely shared.

Top of the french mountains

Continuity editing can be divided into two categories: temporal continuity and spatial continuity. Within each category, specific techniques will work against a sense of continuity. In other words, techniques can cause a passage to be continuous, giving the viewer a concrete physical narration to follow, or discontinuous, causing viewer disorientation, pondering, or even subliminal interpretation or reaction, as in the montage style. 

Tarragona Devilsbridge

An ellipsis is an apparent break-in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story. The simplest way to maintain temporal continuity is to shoot and use all action involved in the story's supposed duration whether it is pertinent or not. It would also be necessary to shoot the whole film in one take to keep from having to edit together different shots, causing the viewer's temporal disorientation. However, in a story that is to occupy long periods of time, a viewer would have to spend too long watching the film. So although in many cases the ellipsis would prove necessary, elimination of it altogether would best preserve any film's temporal continuity. 

Projectoscope

Vitascope was an early film projector first demonstrated in 1895 by Charles Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat. They had made modifications to Jenkins patented Phantoscope, which cast images via film and electric light onto a wall or screen. The Vitascope is a large electrically-powered projector that uses light to cast images. The images being cast are originally taken by a kinetoscope mechanism onto gelatin film. Using an intermittent mechanism, the film negatives produced up to fifty frames per second. The shutter opens and closes to reveal new images. This device can produce up to 3,000 negatives per minute. With the original Phantoscope and before he partnered with Armat, Jenkins displayed the earliest documented projection of a filmed motion picture in June 1894 in Richmond, Indiana.

Coal mining in the Netherlands 1100-1974

Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and usually in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case. Cross-cutting can also be used for characters in a film with the same goals but different ways of achieving them.

Working of Polaroid

Polaroid Originals, more recently just Polaroid, is a Dutch photography company and manufacturer founded in 2008 by Florian Kaps, André Bosman and Marwan Saba. It manufactures its own cameras, the Impossible I-1, the OneStep 2, the OneStep+, modelled on the original Polaroid OneStep Land Camera, the i-Type instant film for its original cameras, and instant film for select Polaroid Corporation instant cameras. 

The Good the Bad the Ugly

What we think of as "film music" today is a creation of only a few inventive and original composers, one fewer of whom walks the Earth as of yesterday. Though Ennio Morricone will be remembered first for his association with spaghetti western master Sergio Leone, his career in film scores spanned half a century and encompassed work for some of the most acclaimed directors of that period: his countrymen like Michelangelo Antonioni, Bernardo Bertolucci, Pier Paolo Pasolini, but also such commanding Hollywood filmmakers as John Huston, Terrence Malick, and Quentin Tarantino. Morricone didn't just write music to add to their films; he became a collaborator, without whose work their films would be difficult to imagine.

Dutch pics

Film, also called movie, motion picture or moving picture, is a visual art-form used to simulate experiences that communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images. These images are generally accompanied by sound, and more rarely, other sensory stimulations. The word "cinema," short for cinematography, is often used to refer to filmmaking and the film industry, and to the art form that is the result of it.

Pulpit Rock

Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and usually in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case. Cross-cutting can also be used for characters in a film with the same goals but different ways of achieving them.
Suspense may be added by cross-cutting. It is built through the expectations that it creates and in the hopes that it will be explained with time. Cross-cutting also forms parallels; it illustrates a narrative action that happens in several places at approximately the same time

Moscow

The cinema of Russia began in the Russian Empire, widely developed in the Soviet Union and in the years following its dissolution, the Russian film industry would remain internationally recognized. In the 21st century, Russian cinema has become popular internationally with hits such as House of Fools, Night Watch and Brother. The Moscow International Film Festival began in Moscow in 1935. The Nika Award is the main annual national film award in Russia.

To the circus

An ellipsis is an apparent break-in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story. The simplest way to maintain temporal continuity is to shoot and use all action involved in the story's supposed duration whether it is pertinent or not. It would also be necessary to shoot the whole film in one take to keep from having to edit together different shots, causing the viewer's temporal disorientation. However, in a story that is to occupy long periods of time, a viewer would have to spend too long watching the film. So although in many cases the ellipsis would prove necessary, elimination of it altogether would best preserve any film's temporal continuity.

Dutch Dolmen

Start your voyage of discovery at the Hunebed Centre in Borger with a special Geopark De Hondsrug exhibition about the Ice Ages and prehistory. The exhibition also tells the unique story of the Hondsrug region – four ridges which stretch for many kilometres as straight lines through the Drenthe landscape. You will learn how the Hondsrug was created by ice and meltwater. How polar winds transformed the region into an ice-cold wilderness.

Door to Door: wake-up call

A "buffer shot" is a film technique of inserting a shot into a film to disguise a mistake, or a cut. Buffer shots are often known as "cheat shots."
For example, if Character A is talking to Character B and the microphone is briefly in shot while Character A is talking, the editor could insert a shot of Character B listening or reacting, to cover up the mistake.

Berliner Tor

Film studies is an academic discipline that deals with various theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to films. It is sometimes subsumed within media studies and is often compared to television studies. Film studies is less concerned with advancing proficiency in film production than it is with exploring the narrative, artistic, cultural, economic, and political implications of the cinema. In searching for these social-ideological values, film studies takes a series of critical approaches for the analysis of production, theoretical framework, context, and creation. In this sense the film studies discipline exists as one in which the teacher does not always assume the primary educator role; the featured film itself serves that function.

REEL - UNREEL

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In Francis Alÿs’s video REEL-UNREEL, the action takes place along the bare cityscape of Kabul, Afghanistan. The cameras follow a reel of film as it unrolls through the old part of town—pushed by two children, uphill and downhill, like a hoop, inspiring an improvised narrative. It’s an example of “doing/undoing,” Alÿs says. And that interplay became the axiom of the film.

Festival

Experimental filmmakers generally begin as amateurs, and some used experimental films as a springboard into commercial film making or transitioned into academic positions. The aim of experimental filmmaking is usually to render the personal vision of an artist, or to promote interest in new technology rather than to entertain or to generate revenue, as is the case with commercial films.